There's no Italian programmer (or one who has worked in Italy) who has not had to deal at least once with Italian Tax Codes / Fiscal Codes: we literally run into them everytime we need to work on any context involving the management of someone's personal data: registries, flows, management, economic / financial calculation tools.
For this reason, many years ago, I developed a class in ASP.NET C # helper class that allows you to do most of these operations. Since after many years I continue to use it very much I think it may be useful to share it, in the hope that it will simplify the life of other fellow developers.
This post contains the ENGLISH version of the source code: the italian version is available here, together with a bunch of additional explanation regarding how the Italian Fiscal Codes actually work, including the algorythms that generates them and how to properly verify them: I won't be translating that part because I don't think it would be of any interest for non-italian readers. If you think you need these info, feel free to contact us using the Comments section below this post and we'll be pleased to fill that gap.
That said, here's the C# helper class. Enjoy!
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/// <summary> /// A set of generic utils to retrieve, calculate and check the Fiscal Code for an italian citizen. /// ref.: <a href="https://www.ryadel.com/en/italian-tax-code-fiscal-code-vat-id-c-sharp-class/">https://www.ryadel.com/en/italian-tax-code-fiscal-code-vat-id-c-sharp-class/</a> /// </summary> public static class FiscalCodeUtil { #region Private Members private static readonly string Months = "ABCDEHLMPRST"; private static readonly string Vocals = "AEIOU"; private static readonly string Consonants = "BCDFGHJKLMNPQRSTVWXYZ"; private static readonly string OmocodeChars = "LMNPQRSTUV"; private static readonly int[] ControlCodeArray = new[] { 1, 0, 5, 7, 9, 13, 15, 17, 19, 21, 2, 4, 18, 20, 11, 3, 6, 8, 12, 14, 16, 10, 22, 25, 24, 23 }; private static readonly Regex CheckRegex = new Regex(@"^[A-Z]{6}[\d]{2}[A-Z][\d]{2}[A-Z][\d]{3}[A-Z]$"); #endregion Private Members #region Public Methods /// <summary> /// Retrieves a formally correct Fiscal Code given the required fields: /// /// - FirstName /// - LastName /// - Date of Birth /// - Gender /// - ISTAT code /// /// NOTES: /// /// - The ISTAT code depends to the citizen's birth location and can be retrieved from the following lists: /// http://www.agenziaentrate.gov.it/wps/content/Nsilib/Nsi/Strumenti/Codici+attivita+e+tributo/Codici+territorio/Comuni+italia+esteri/ /// /// - There are no guarrantees that the returned Fiscal Code is the correct one for that citizen, /// as this function does not take edge case scenarios into account. For more info, look for "omocodia" here: /// http://www.agenziaentrate.gov.it/wps/content/Nsilib/Nsi/Home/CosaDeviFare/Richiedere/Codice+fiscale+e+tessera+sanitaria/Richiesta+TS_CF/SchedaI/FAQ+sul+Codice+Fiscale/ /// </summary> /// <param name="name">First Name</param> /// <param name="lastName">Last Name</param> /// <param name="birthDate">Date of Birth</param> /// <param name="gender">Gender ('M' or 'F')</param> /// <param name="istatCode">ISTAT code (1 letter, 3 numbers. Es.: H501 for Rome, Italy)</param> /// <returns>A valid Fiscal Code, compatible with all the given input fields</returns> public static string GetFiscalCode(string firstName, string lastName, DateTime birthDate, char gender, string istatCode) { if (String.IsNullOrEmpty(firstName)) throw new NotSupportedException("ERROR: First Name is required."); if (String.IsNullOrEmpty(lastName)) throw new NotSupportedException("ERROR: Last Name is required."); if (gender != 'M' && gender != 'F') throw new NotSupportedException("ERROR: Gender must either be 'M' or 'F'."); if (String.IsNullOrEmpty(istatCode)) throw new NotSupportedException("ERROR: ISTAT code is required."); //string fc = GetLastNameCode(lastName) + GetNameCode(name) + GetBirthDateByGenderCode(birthDate, gender); string fc = String.Format("{0}{1}{2}{3}", GetLastNameCode(lastName), GetFirstNameCode(firstName), GetBirthDateByGenderCode(birthDate, gender), istatCode ); fc += GetControlChar(fc); return fc; } /// <summary> /// Checks for a Fiscal Code formal integrity using the following criteria: /// /// - check for null/empty value /// - check for standard Regex [A-Z]{6}[\d]{2}[A-Z][\d]{2}[A-Z][\d]{3}[A-Z] /// - check for a valid Control Character /// /// NOTES: /// - Even if this function validates a Fiscal Code as OK, there are no guarrantees that the Fiscal Code is valid and existing. /// The only way to check this is to use the official tools provided by "Agenzia delle Entrate", such as: /// https://telematici.agenziaentrate.gov.it/VerificaCF/Scegli.do?parameter=verificaCf /// Or other services that are connected to the "Agenzia delle Entrate" database and thus able to perform lookups there. /// </summary> /// <param name="fc">The Fiscal Code to check</param> /// <returns>TRUE if the fiscal code is correct, FALSE otherwise</returns> public static bool IsValid(string fc) { if (String.IsNullOrEmpty(fc) || fc.Length < 16) return false; fc = Normalize(fc, false); if (!CheckRegex.Match(fc).Success) { // Regex failed: it can be either an omocode or an invalid Fiscal Code string nonOmocodeFC = ReplaceOmocodeChars(fc); if (!CheckRegex.Match(nonOmocodeFC).Success) return false; // invalid Fiscal Code } return fc[15] == GetControlChar(fc.Substring(0, 15)); } /// Checks for a Fiscal Code formal integrity using the following criteria: /// /// - check for null/empty value /// - check for standard Regex [A-Z]{6}[\d]{2}[A-Z][\d]{2}[A-Z][\d]{3}[A-Z] /// - check for a valid Control Character /// - check it against given firstName, lastName, birthDate, gender and ISTATcode /// /// NOTES: /// - Even if this function validates a Fiscal Code as OK, there are no guarrantees that the Fiscal Code is valid and existing. /// The only way to check this is to use the official tools provided by "Agenzia delle Entrate", such as: /// https://telematici.agenziaentrate.gov.it/VerificaCF/Scegli.do?parameter=verificaCf /// Or other services that are connected to the "Agenzia delle Entrate" database and thus able to perform lookups there. /// <param name="fc">The Fiscal Code to check</param> /// <param name="firstName">The First Name to check the Fiscal Code against</param> /// <param name="lastName">The Last Name to check the Fiscal Code against</param> /// <param name="birthDate">The Birth Date to check the Fiscal Code against, together with gender.</param> /// <param name="gender">The Gender to check the Fiscal Code against, together with birthDate.</param> /// <param name="istatCode">The birthday city ISTAT code to check the Fiscal Code against</param> /// <returns>TRUE if the fiscal code is correct, FALSE otherwise</returns> /// </summary> public static bool IsValid(string fc, string firstName, string lastName, DateTime birthDate, char gender, string istatCode) { if (String.IsNullOrEmpty(fc) || fc.Length < 16) return false; fc = Normalize(fc, false); string nonOmocodeFC = string.Empty; if (!CheckRegex.Match(fc).Success) { // Regex failed: it can be either an omocode or an invalid Fiscal Code nonOmocodeFC = ReplaceOmocodeChars(fc); if (!CheckRegex.Match(nonOmocodeFC).Success) return false; // invalid Fiscal Code } else nonOmocodeFC = fc; // NOTES: // - 'fc' is the given Fiscal Code (it might be omocodic) // - 'nonOmocodeFC' is the non-omocodic version of the given Fiscal Code (identical to 'fc' for non-omocodic Fiscal Codes) if (String.IsNullOrEmpty(firstName) || nonOmocodeFC.Substring(3, 3) != GetFirstNameCode(firstName)) return false; if (String.IsNullOrEmpty(lastName) || nonOmocodeFC.Substring(0, 3) != GetLastNameCode(lastName)) return false; if (nonOmocodeFC.Substring(6, 5) != GetBirthDateByGenderCode(birthDate, gender)) return false; if (String.IsNullOrEmpty(istatCode) || nonOmocodeFC.Substring(11, 4) != Normalize(istatCode, false)) return false; // We need to use 'fc' here instead of 'nonOmocodeFC': that's because the ControlChar is calculated using the omocode chars (if any). if (fc[15] != GetControlChar(fc.Substring(0, 15))) return false; // if we reach this, it means that the Fiscal Code is formally valid. return true; } /// <summary> /// Replace OmocodeChars (if present) to their corresponding numeric values /// </summary> /// <param name="fc">Fiscal Code potentially containing omocode chars</param> /// <returns></returns> public static string ReplaceOmocodeChars(string fc) { char[] fcChars = fc.ToCharArray(); int[] pos = new[] { 6, 7, 9, 10, 12, 13, 14 }; foreach (int i in pos) if (!Char.IsNumber(fcChars[i])) fcChars[i] = OmocodeChars.IndexOf(fcChars[i]).ToString()[0]; return new string(fcChars); } #endregion Public Methods #region Private Methods /// <summary> /// Gets the first 3-letters of the name used to calculate the Fiscal Code. /// </summary> /// <param name="s">the person's Last Name (es. De Angelis)</param> /// <returns>the 3 FC-relevant letters for the name (es. DNG)</returns> private static string GetLastNameCode(string s) { s = Normalize(s, true); string code = string.Empty; int i = 0; // pick Consonants while ((code.Length < 3) && (i < s.Length)) { for (int j = 0; j < Consonants.Length; j++) { if (s[i] == Consonants[j]) code += s[i]; } i++; } i = 0; // pick Vocals (if needed) while (code.Length < 3 && i < s.Length) { for (int j = 0; j < Vocals.Length; j++) { if (s[i] == Vocals[j]) code += s[i]; } i++; } // add trailing X (if needed) return (code.Length < 3) ? code.PadRight(3, 'X') : code; } /// <summary> /// Gets the first 3-letters of the name used to calculate the Fiscal Code. /// </summary> /// <param name="s">the person's name (es. Matteo)</param> /// <returns>the 3 FC-relevant letters for the name (es. MTT)</returns> private static string GetFirstNameCode(string s) { s = Normalize(s, true); string code = string.Empty; string cons = string.Empty; int i = 0; while ((cons.Length < 4) && (i < s.Length)) { for (int j = 0; j < Consonants.Length; j++) { if (s[i] == Consonants[j]) cons = cons + s[i]; } i++; } code = (cons.Length > 3) // if we have 4 or more consonants we need to pick 1st, 3rd and 4th ? cons[0].ToString() + cons[2].ToString() + cons[3].ToString() // otherwise we pick them all : code = cons; i = 0; // add Vocals (if needed) while ((code.Length < 3) && (i < s.Length)) { for (int j = 0; j < Vocals.Length; j++) { if (s[i] == Vocals[j]) code += s[i]; } i++; } // add trailing X (if needed) return (code.Length < 3) ? code.PadRight(3, 'X') : code; } /// <summary> /// Retrieves the Birth Date Code (by Gender) /// </summary> /// <param name="d">Birth Date</param> /// <param name="g">Gender (either 'M' or 'F')</param> /// <returns>the Birth Date Code (by Gender)</returns> private static string GetBirthDateByGenderCode(DateTime d, char g) { string code = d.Year.ToString().Substring(2); code += Months[d.Month - 1]; if (g == 'M' || g == 'm') code += (d.Day <= 9) ? "0" + d.Day.ToString() : d.Day.ToString(); else if (g == 'F' || g == 'f') code += (d.Day + 40).ToString(); else throw new NotSupportedException("ERROR: Gender must be either 'M' or 'F'."); return code; } /// <summary> /// Retrieves the Control Character /// </summary> /// <param name="f15">the first 15 characters of the fiscal Code (full CF minus the Control Character only)</param> /// <returns>the Control Character</returns> private static char GetControlChar(string f15) { int tot = 0; byte[] arrCode = Encoding.ASCII.GetBytes(f15.ToUpper()); for (int i = 0; i < f15.Length; i++) { if ((i + 1) % 2 == 0) tot += (char.IsLetter(f15, i)) ? arrCode[i] - (byte)'A' : arrCode[i] - (byte)'0'; else tot += (char.IsLetter(f15, i)) ? ControlCodeArray[(arrCode[i] - (byte)'A')] : ControlCodeArray[(arrCode[i] - (byte)'0')]; } tot %= 26; char l = (char)(tot + 'A'); return l; } /// <summary> /// Trim, Uppercase and optionally remove diacritics to a string. /// </summary> private static string Normalize(string s, bool normalizeDiacritics) { if (String.IsNullOrEmpty(s)) return s; s = s.Trim().ToUpper(); if (normalizeDiacritics) { string src = "ÀÈÉÌÒÙàèéìòù"; string rep = "AEEIOUAEEIOU"; for (int i = 0; i < src.Length; i++) s = s.Replace(src[i], rep[i]); return s; } return s; } #endregion Private Methods } |
The code is widely commented, so it should be understandable enough for any C# developer.
This English version is the original one, developed by me back in 2002: the italian version is mostly a translation made later to meet the many developers (and colleagues) who were not at ease with the English.
Other languages
Over the years I have developed several portings of this class in various programming languages, including PHP, Objective-C, Swift, Java, JavaScript and Transact-SQL: if you need it, write your request in the comments and I will create other articles on this topic.
That's all for now: happy check!
